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From today you will help me build articles

I will teach you the methodology and you will write me an article along its lines and I will provide you with information and you can add and enrich the article

a) Introduction:

Preface starts from the general topic to the topic of the article and then a definition of its topics in short, and highlight the conflict between the two opinions of philosophers on the subject and mention each opinion and explain it briefly, and move on to the question about the subject to choose between the validity of one of the two opinions.

b) Body:

A) First opinion:

We begin by explaining the first opinion of the topic along these lines:

Mentioning the postulates of the first opinion with a simplified explanation of each postulates, and mention philosophers of each opinion with the quote and explain their quotes, and mention and explain the arguments of the first opinion, and rating opinion by mentioning the positives of the first position and strengths in their explanation, and criticism by directing criticisms and negatives that were directed to put forward the second opinion.

B) Second opinion:

We begin by explaining the second opinion of the topic along these lines:

Mentioning the postulates of the second opinion with a simplified explanation of each postulates, and mention philosophers of each opinion with the quote and explain their quotes, and mention and explain the arguments of the first opinion, and rating opinion by mentioning the positives of the first position and strengths in their explanation, and criticism by directing criticisms and negatives that were directed to put forward the first opinion.

c) Compositing: In this step, you must reconciling the two opinions

d) Conclusion: In one paragraph we write:

general conclusion on the topic, and nswer the question posed in the introduction according to what we answered in the Compositing, general outro in which the importance of research in the topic is mentioned or you can generate a new problem related to the topic

Are you ready to help me with this?

Subject:Source of perception

 

First: Introduction and Body

 

1.      First Party: rational philosophers

-          Postulates: The source of knowledge is reason

-          philosophers: 

Berkeley, Descartes, Allan, William James

-          Quotes: 

Berkeley: Estimating the distance of things that are very far is not a sensation, but a judgment that the senses are deceptive and incomplete and cannot give us correct knowledge, for example, an apple tastes bitter if we had tasted something very sweet before it, or when we see the rails of the railroad appear to be glued

Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali: "Why the confidence in the senses and the strongest sense of sight, and you look at the planet and see it small in the amount of dinars, then engineering evidence indicates that it is larger than the Earth in magnitude."

Descartes: " ... I have sometimes experienced these senses and found them deceptive, and it is careful not to be assured at all by those who deceived us even once.

Descartes: "When I look out of the window, I see men walking down the street, even though in reality I see with the naked eye only hats and moving coats, but I still judge that they are people."

Descartes: "I am aware of the power of judgment in my mind that I did not think I could see with my own eyes."

Descartes: "The senses greatly deceive us"

Descartes: "I'm thinking then I exist. Now the thing makes sense and does not feel."

Descartes: "The mind is the fairest division"

Now: "sensory perception is from its inception a mental function."

William James: "The adult does not feel things, but perceives them."

 

-          Arguments:

The mind has tribal and innate ideas and its rulings are characterized by intuitiveness, clarity, accuracy and certainty, which is the common denominator between people

 

Berkeley confirms that the perception of long distances is a mental process and not sensory, for example, we find the blind if he regains his sight after surgery, things will appear to him attached to his eye and he steps in estimating distances and dimensions because he does not have a mental idea or prior experience, so we find him using the stick for three months so that he can estimate distances, just like a small child in his early years,

 

We judge things for what they are and not according to what the senses convey to us, for example, we realize that the stick in the pool of water is straight even though the sense of sight is transmitted to us by refracted, and we also realize that the sun is large even though the sight transmits it to us small.

 

If the senses were the source of knowledge, we would find knowledge in animals or psychopaths.

 

-          Rating: mention strengths of their proposal

 

-          Criticism: mention the weaknesses and money made by the supporters of the second party

 

 

2.      Second Party: Sensual and empiricist philosophers

-          Postulates: the source of knowledge are the senses

-          philosophers: John Locke, David Hume, Avicenna, Paul Guillaume, Ver Thimer

-          Quotes:

Aristotle: "who lost his sense lost knowledge about it"

 

John Locke: "There's Nothing in the Mind Unless Before In The Experience"

 

David Hume: "If we know ourselves and our minds, we are reached through the senses, and the mind is only a relic of habit."

 

David Hume : "The senses are giant windows through which the mind looks out to perceive the outside world."

 

John Stuart Mill: "The child does not realize the idea of the number unless we present it to him in the form of sensory data"

 

John Locke:"if people were born with innate ideas in their minds, they would be equal"

 

John Locke :"The mind is a blank page and by experience we engrave it whatever we want."

John Locke:"experience is the only basis for all our knowledge."

John Locke:"if you ask a person when he began to know the answer since he began to feel."

 

David Hume:"Everything I know has been derived from experience."

 

Avicenna:"I do not trust any cognitive knowledge if it is not preceded by a sense"

 

-          Arguments:

The senses are the first source of human knowledge, all sensory knowledge derived from the sensory world, there is no knowledge except through the senses.

 

There are no innate ideas and knowledge in the mind, all our knowledge is acquired through sensory experience, for example, the blind recognizes the sensory qualities of the lemon, but is unable to know its color.

 

The source of knowledge is the senses or the mind is an organized tool of knowledge only.

 

-          Rating: Remember the strengths of their proposal

 

-          Criticism: Remember the weaknesses and money made by the supporters of the first party

 

-          Compositing:

We choose to reconcile by adopting Kant's critical theory with the addition of Kant's saying: sensory intuition without blind mental concepts and mental concepts without hollow sensory intuition.

Second, the conclusion:

 you write it according to the methodology that I provided you with